By addressing the specific needs of different population groups, the new law lays a stronger foundation for sustainable population development, higher-quality human resources and improved quality of life.
The decree provides for a minimum support level of 2 million VND per woman for ethnic minority women from very small population groups, women living in provinces and cities with fertility rates below replacement level, and women who have two children before the age of 35.
Vietnam’s population has already topped 100 million, but the 2025 population report reveals trends accelerating well beyond earlier forecasts. Fertility has nosedived to all-time lows: the total fertility rate slipped from 2.01 children per woman in 2022 to 1.96 in 2023, then plunged to a record 1.91 in 2024.
Vietnam’s population policies in recent years have mainly focused on controlling growth rates and adjusting the demographic structure. However, this approach is no longer suitable in the current context.
A slew of policies are being revised to increase birth rates, yet public concern remains over whether the proposed incentives in the draft Population Law will effectively address the declining number of births, said insiders.
