Illustrative image (Photo: VNA) Hanoi (VNS/VNA) - The saline intrusion in the Mekong Delta regionduring this year’s dry season would occur earlier and be worse than previousyears, warned the Department of Water Resources Management under the Ministryof Natural Resources and Environment.
The level of saltwater intrusion may be approximately at the level of2015-2016, which saw historic salinity and drought in the region.
This forecast was based on the data of water levels in the upper Mekong River’sreservoirs, the water resources of the Mekong River, especially the capacity ofCambodia’s Tonle Sap Lake, and the tides in the downstream area.
According to the data, the capacity of reservoirs in the upper Mekong River wasestimated at 65 billion cu.m but by the end of September, the total capacity ofreservoirs just reached nearly 70 percent.
At Cambodia’s Kratie station, in the first half of the dry season which is fromNovember 2021 to January 2022, the average flow will be only about 5,600 cu.mper second, 20 percent lower than the same period in 2020-2021, but stillhigher than the years 2015-2016 and 2019-2020 by 26 percent and 40 percent,respectively.
In the second half of the dry season from February to May 2022, average flow atthe station will be at 3,100cu.m per second, 10 percent lower than the sameperiod in 2021 and equivalent to 2016, but about 15 percent higher than in2020.
Regarding the water source in Tonle Sap Lake – a decisive factor in theregulation of water in the Mekong River Delta – the highest water volumeforecast in 2021 is about 28-30 billion cu.m, which was 17-19 billion cu.mlower than the average capacity for many years and 1-2.5 billion cu.m of 2020.
In the dry season, tides from November to December this year will be higherthan the average peak tide level for many years but from January to March 2022,the peak level will decrease gradually to the average levels of many years.
In 2022, there will be three high tides, from January 2 to 4, from January 31to February 3, and from March 1 to 6, in which the first high tide is thelargest in the dry season.
Meanwhile, the southwest monsoon that starts at the beginning of the dry seasonis a factor pushing saline intrusion deep into the canal system in the Cửu LongDelta provinces.
According to the Department of Water Resources Management, the saline intrusionin this dry season would affect 210,000ha of rice, orchards and rice-shrimpcombination fields of the region.
Specifically, in the peak time, saltwater intrusion will likely affect 60,000haof rice in the coastal provinces in the region, 11,900ha of which is in TienGiang provice, 12,000ha of Ben Tre province, 15,000ha of Tra Vinh and 20,000haof Soc Trang.
For fruit growing areas, the saline intrusion will affect nearly 43,300 ha; inwhich, Long An is 3,100ha, Tien Giang 21,800ha, Ben Tre 16,000ha and Soc Trang3,400ha.
The saltwater will cause damage to 107,400ha of rice-shrimp combination fieldsin Kien Giang, Cà Mau, Soc Trang and Bac Lieu.
It was still quite early to accurately forecast saline intrusion in the dryseason because the water source to the Mekong Delta depended greatly on theflow from upstream of the Mekong River including rain and water storagecapacity of upstream reservoirs, the department said.
However, the possibility of small floods and low flows in the first months ofthe dry season may cause early saltwater intrusion, so the departmentrecommends localities which are likely to be affected by saline intrusion mustprepare irrigation solutions and production plans to minimise damage toagricultural production.
For the fruit growing areas, the farmers should store fresh water at maximumcapacity in canals and ponds.
Provinces of Long An, Ben Tre, Tien Giang, Tra Vinh, Soc Trang, Bac Lieu and KienGiang were recommended to complete the sowing of 400,000ha of winter-springrice crop by October to avoid drought and salinity.
At the same time, the provinces must dredge the canal system to store freshwater and gradually close the sluices from the sea to the upstream fromNovember.
Ben Tre province particularly may face difficulties in fresh water sources inthis dry season because of incomplete water source control infrastructure so itshould dig more ponds and lakes to store water.
The localities that are not directly affected by saline intrusion, should stillprepare preventive measures for drought and water shortage due to insufficientrainfall and low water resources from upstream, the department said./.
VNA
